Diamonds and Gems are full of phenomenal beauty from the brilliance, fire and scintillation that they display. This sparkle is caused by light reflection, refraction and dispersion.
How it Works
Light passing through one medium to another and bends at a new or different angle is known as refraction. This is the case for diamond light refraction. Light hits a diamond and while some of it reflects, the other light bends in a new angle inside the diamond. It then bounces off the internal diamond surface and again, bends the light to exit the diamond. This process is known as dispersion.
Dispersion causes white light within the diamond to separate into multiple colors. Some light escapes from the bottom and sides of the diamond and some will reflect from the top. When light hits a diamond or gem in the air, some light bounces off and creates a reflection. The light reflected is also referred to as the ‘fire’ of the stone. The diamond is judged by its pattern of reflection and refraction depending on the diamond’s properties called the ‘refractive index.’
Brilliance
Brilliance (or brightness) refers to the white light that is reflected outward from the diamond. When light enters the diamond, it is dispersed into a spectrum of colors. It then bounces back and forth within the interior. Light exits through the top of the diamond and recombines with white light to create brilliance.
Dispersion
Dispersion is known as the ‘fire’ of a diamond. Fire is the rainbow colors that are reflected from the diamond. Like brilliance, when light exits from the top of the diamond, it stays separated and appears as a flash of color.
Scintillation
Scintillation is the movement of light you see with diamond movement. It appears to the eye as a sparkle effect. Diamonds are assessed on its reflection and refraction light.
Measuring Light Reflection
The light reflection is largely based on the cut of the diamond. It is placed on a measurement scale, the diamond with the best light reflection is known as ‘super ideal’ while diamonds with poor light reflection is known as ‘poor.’ With today’s modern technology, there are many advanced ways of measuring the light reflection of a diamond. Softwares like FireTrace illustrate a graphic image of a diamond and a light reflection projection. The software’s final report of light performance are based on the diamonds brilliance, fire and scintillation.